Harrow.



Patented 1an- 2, |900. J. L. WARE.

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(Application led June 1].,r 189B.)

(No Model.)

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Patented 1an. 2, 1900. J. L. WARE.

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(Application filed June 11, 1898.)

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JOSEPH L. VARE, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 640,722, dated January 2, 1900.

Application led June 11, 1898. Serial No. 682,184. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, JOSEPH L. WARE, of St. Paul, Ramsey county, Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Harrows, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates generally to harrows composed of several independent sections or frames, and particularly` to that class known as lever-harrows; and the objects of the invention are to provide a harrow of such construction that the teeth, particularly in the middle section, will drop into and reach 1the bottom of all depressions and furrows, which ordinarily'are not touched by the teeth of lever-harrows as usually constructed, and to provide-alever-harrow wherein the strain will be lengthwise of the grain of the timbers composing the framework of the several sections, thus permitting the use of a comparatively light frame without seriously impairing the strength or durability of the harrow.

Another object` is to provide means for preventing the side drift or travel of the end sections.

A further object is to provide a lever-harrow wherein the sections are pivotally secured at an angle to thedraft-beam or head and having self-clearing teeth, thus avoiding the necessityof raising the harrow to free the teeth from sod, roots, clods of earth, or mud, which frequently accumulate during the process of harrowing.

A still further object is to provide a leverharrow having reversible teeth, thus increasing the efficiency and utility of the implement.

The invention consists generally in a leverharrow comprising a head or draft-beam, end sections or frames attached at an angle thereto, and a middle section substantially in the form of a divided A.

Further, the invention consists in a leverharrow wherein the timbers composing the frame are substantially parallel to the draftline.

Further, the invention consists in a leverharrow wherein the sections are connected to the draft bar or beam at anvangle and provided with a particular formof tooth adapted to travel in a direction lsubstantially parallel with the draft-line, thus preventing any side drift of the sections.

Further, the invention consists in a leverharrow havingpivoted teeth and adjustable means for changing the vertical angle or inclination of said teeth.

1 Further, theinvention consists in a leverharrow having pivoted teeth and self-lookin g levers for V operating the same.

Further, the invention consists in a leverharrow having pivotally-secured reversible teeth, and, further, the invention consists in various constructions and combinations, all.

ashereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

'In the accompanying drawings, forming vpar-t of this specification, Figure l is a plan -view of a harrow embodying my invention. f

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of one of the frame-timbers, showing the pivotal arrangement of the harrow-teeth and the mechanism for voperating. the same. Fig. 3 is a detail showing the locking-lever in its forward position. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the lever in its backward or locked position. Figs. 5 and 6 are details of a harrow-tooth.

In the drawings, 2 represents a harrowhead or draft-beam provided with a suitable draft attachment, such as the rods 3 3. At `each end of the beam 2 I prefer to provide a harrow-section substantiallyin the form of a parallelogram, composed of bars 4 4 and 5 5, running in the direction substantially of the line of draft, so that the strain will be lengthwise of the grain, saidbars being connected in each section by hollow spools or rods 8, 9, and 10,-passing transversely through the bars preferably near the middle and at each end, and by rods 11, l2, and 13,which pass through said spools and lock the parts of the respective'sections rigidly together. The outer bars of the two sections are pivotally connected to the draft-beam at an angle thereto by means of links or clevises 6 6 and eyebolts passing through said draft-bar. The bars 4 4 and 5 5 are preferably rectangular in cross-section and provided at intervals with vertical sawslits 14, in which teeth l5 are pivoted upon pins l5', passing through the middle of the teeth and through the bars 4 4 and 5 5 near the-bottoms of the slits. The teeth 15 are composed, preferably, of fiat steel bars having beveled ends and provided with a slight lateral twist at each end, so that although the frame of the harrow-section is connected to the draft-beam at an angle the teeth Will follow a direction substantially parallel with the draft-line, thus prevehting the sidevvise` drift or travel oi' the harrow. The teeih,being pivoted near the middle and having duplicate ends, may be reversed whenever desired, and the eciency and durability of the barrow thereby greatly increased.

Moving in guides 16 upon the top of the bars 4 i and 5 5 are dat metal bars i6 I6, having slots 17 17 registering with the saw-slits 14: and through which the upper ends of the pivoted teeth 15 project. Transverse bars 1S preferably connect the rear ends of the bars 16 16 in each section, said bars 1S having small holes to receive the hooked forward ends of rods .18 18, the rear ends of whichV are threaded and adjustably secured in the looped ends of rods 19, forming loose pivotal connections between the outer ends of short levers 20, which are pivot-ally supported at their inner ends upon plates 2l, secured to the rear ends of the middle bars 5 5.

U-shaped levers 23 are secured Ato the levers 2G and project up to a position to be grasped by the operator when it is desired to change the vertical angle of the teeth and permit them to drop any turf or roots that may have accumulated under the ha'rrow. When the levers 2O are thrown to the position indicated in Fig. 4, the rods 18' will pass below the center of the pivot-al support of said levers and lugs 22, provided on the plates 2l, form stops to limit the backward movement of said levers, and when the levers are moved into engagement with said' stops the same will be automatically locked until such time as the operator moves the lever 2.3 to' the position indicated in Fig. 3 and raises the rods 18' above the pivotal center of the levers 20. The adjustable connections at the rear ends of the rods 18 permit the slant or pitch of the teeth to be regulated at will and enable the operator to adapt the harrow either for pulverizing or smoothing purposes.

The end sections of the harrow being connected at an angle to the draft-beam, a V- shaped space is formed between them, wherein I prefer to arrange a middle section-substantially in the form of an A, divided vertically, each leg comprising an outer bar or rail 24, pivotally connected at its forward end to the draft beam in the manner heretofore described with reference to the end sections, a middle bar 25, and an inner shorter bar 26. The bars forming each leg of the section are rigidly connected by bolts 27, 28, 29, and 30, passing through hollow spools or rods corresponding to those heretofore described with reference to the end sections, and the two legs of the section are pivotally connected, preferably at their forward and rear ends, by

an eyebolt 31, connected to the bolt 30, and a tie-rod 32, forming a continuation of and joining the ends of the bolts 29. This method of dividing the middle section permits the teeth, particularly those carried bytheinner shorter bars, to drop into the depressions and furrovvs in the surface of the iield that is being cultivated, and thereby more thoroughly stir up the soil and break up the sod and clods of earth than could be accomplished with a lever-barrow as usually constructed. The teeth of the middle sections are pivotally arranged and are moved back and forth in the same manner as heretofore described with reference to the end sections of the barrow, and the lever operating the mechanism is also the same, except that the plates 2l, and consequ ently the levers 20,are mounted upon the single middle bar of each leg oi"A the section instead of upon the two middle bars, as described With reference to the end sections.

The advantages of my improved lever-harrow lie in the fact that by dividing the middie or A section vertically the teeth in the comparatively narrow legs so formed will drop into all depressions and furrows and, conforming to the surface over which the harrow is passing, will more thoroughly pulverize the soil than the teeth of a lever-barrow as ordinarily constructed. B y arranging the bars composing kthe frames of the sections so that the strain will be lengthwise of the grain I am able to use alighter frame and avoid all danger of splitting the bars that is incident to the barrow-frame having transverse rails. By means of the self-locking mechanism for operating the pivoted teeth I can clear the barrow of any obstruction, and the adjustable mechanism permits the operator to regnlate the pitch or inclination ofthe teeth and make a shallow or deep drill, as desired. A further advantage lies in the peculiar form of tooth which obviates the tendency of the end sections to drift toward the middle section, an bbjection incident to harroivs having sections connected at an angle to the draftbeam.

I have shown the device formed in three sections, the A or divided sections being arranged in the middle; but I do not confine myself to this construction, as a greater or less number of independent sections may be provided, if desired, or a single A-section may be used without the end sections, and While wood is preferably used in the construction of the sections I may employ steel bars, and thus render the hai-row less cumbersome and stronger and also` neater in appearance and, perhaps, more durable.

. It is obvious that the various details may be modified by any one skilled in the art, and I therefore do not coniine myself to the construction herein shown.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a lever-barrow the combination, with a head or draft-beam, of end sections pivotally connected to said beam at an angle thereto, an A-shaped section also pivotally connected to said beam between said end sec- IOO IIC

I 3io tions, said A-shaped section being divided into legs pivotally connected to permit the section to conform to an uneven surface, a series of teeth pivotally mounted in said sections and having lower ends in a plane at an angle to the bars composing said sections and substantially parallel with the draft line whereby side drift or travel of the sections is prevented, and lever mechanisms provided on said sections and connected with said teeth for tilt-ing the same, substantially as described. 1

2. In a lever-barrow, the combination; with a head or draft-beam, of sections pivotally connected to said head at an angle thereto, a series of teeth pivotally arranged in said sections, said teeth having lower ends adapted to make a furrow in the soil at an angle to the bars composing said sections in adirection substantially parallel with the draft-line of the harrow, andlever mechanisms provided on said sections for tilting said teeth, substantially as described.

3. In a lever-harrow, the combination, with a head or draft-beam, of end sections pivotally connected thereto at an angle to said beam, a middle A-shaped section, a series of saw-slits provided in the bars composing said sections, a series of teeth pivotally mounted in said saw-slits and projecting above the tops of said sections, sliding bars provided upon said sections and having openings tovreceive the upper ends of said teeth, levers 20 pivotally supported upon said sections, stops for limiting the movement of said levers, rods 18 adapted to drop below the pivotal center of said levers when they are in engagement with said stops, whereby said levers will be locked in position, substantially as described.

4. In a lever-barrow the combination, with a head 2, of end sections pivotally connected to said head at an angle thereto, a middle A-shaped section, said middle section being composed of two legs, an eye bolt 31 and tie-rod 32' connecting said legs, whereby'said middle section is permitted to conform to an uneven surface, a series of teeth mounted in saw-slits in said sections and extending above the tops of the same, a series of bars provided on said sections and having openings to receive the tops of said teeth and locking-levers provided on said sections and connected with said bars for operating said pivoted teeth, substantially as described.

5. In alever-harrow, the combination, with a head or draft-beam, of end sections pivotally connected to said head at an angle thereto, a middle A-shaped section also pivotally connected to said head, a series of teeth mounted in said end and A-shaped sections, each tooth independently of the others, said teeth having twisted lower ends to prevent side drift or travel of the barrow-sections and self-locking lever mechanisms provided on said sections and connected with said teeth for operating the same, substantially as described.

6. AIn a lever-barrow, the combination,with a head or draft-beam, of sections pivotally connected to said head at an angle thereto, a series of tilting teeth mounted in said sections, said teeth having twisted lower ends to prevent side drift or travel of said sections, and lever mechanisms provided on said sections and connected with said teeth for operating the same, substantially as described.

7. In a lever-barrow, the combination, with a head or draft-beam, of end sections pivot-v ally connected to said head at an angle there to, a middle A-shaped section also pivotally connected to said head, Va series of tilting teeth mounted in said end and A-shaped sections said teeth having twisted lower ends to make a furrow substantially parallel with the draft-line of the harrow whereby side drift of the barrow-sections is prevented, and lever mechanisms provided on said sections and connected with said teeth for operating the same, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 26th day of May, 1898, at Minneapolis, Hennepin county, Minnesota.

JOSEPH L. WARE.

In presence of- RICHARD PAUL, d M. C. NOONAN. 

